Comments on "10 things that sound entirely true but are false"

A recent lecture by Neil deGrasse Tyson is entitled

"10 Things we have heard and Re-told but are completely False"

Great lecture on mistakes in elementary astronomy  (only 2 slides for 10 minutes breaks the many slides rule in just the right way). You only need to know elementary physics and astronomy that you pick up in elementary school and life to understand how these are both right and wrong. Here is the main slide:

I want to comment on the flip between 'obviously right -> explanation -> so terribly wrong' presentation for each one, what the nature of the rightness and wrongness is. The generalities are that almost all of them are conceptual mistakes, but some are context mistakes and others naming mistakes. That is, some are actual errors in understanding, some are errors in misplacing the context intended, and others are mistakes in using the names themselves wrongly. No actual trick questions.

• What goes up must come down - this is a context dependent. In the context of a person throwing a ball in the air, yes, it must come down. In our limited experience that is entirely the case. But rockets are basically high powered throwing. And (most) satellites never come down
• The Sun is yellow - context. The little time we can actually look at the sun it is near the horizon when yellow is the predominant color. But most of the day it is up high and is blindingly white (it -could- be yellow but happens not to be).
• Weightless astronauts left Earth's gravity - with respect to say the ISS they loo weightless. But no they are falling around the Earth because of gravity along with the ISS. Also as far as words go, gravity goes forever, some satellites have 'left' = won't be pulled back in/not elliptical path.
• The North Star is the brightest - this is just a factual error, or rather an error of just assuming that an important thing excels in all aspects. Polaris is actually pretty faint in comparison to other main stars.
• On a dark night you can see millions of stars - an error of words (and counting?). there are a lot of stars you can see with the naked eye away from the city on a moonless night. But millions? If you count by the area of the sky, given average human eye acuity, there are 1000's. But millions is over reaching, just using the word 'millions' to mean 'a lot'. The Milky Way galaxy you say? Sure you can see the galaxy, but you're not actually able to pick out individual stars making up the milky band.
• Total solar eclipses are rare - This is a context error. Sure they're rare for your location, but not for the Earth. The band of darkness happens every couple years. Also, rare is relative.
• Days get longer in summer, shorter in winter - This is a naming error (also a little conceptual). Summer starts (by official name) on June 21st the solstice which is when the days start getting shorter. So if you include June in your meteorological summer, then yeah for part of a month the days do get a little longer before it goes backwards.
• At noon the Sun is directly overhead - conceptual: sure in them olden days, that was the definition of noon, when the Sun was at its highest (I'm not going to get into the complexities of directly overhead). Because of time zones and daylight savings, the clock time of 12pm has been set so that the Sun is mostly near the highest point, but further off depending how close you are to the border of a timezone. It's hard for the eye to tell how far off things are in the sky. 
• The Sun rises in East, sets in West - a naming problem, somewhat pedantic. Directly due East is a point on the horizon, and the sun only rises there on the equinoxes. Dates further away it is further away on the horizon (furthest at solstices). All it takes is looking at where the sun sets on June 21st. People just tend not to do that.
• The Moon only comes out at night - I think this fits all three. 'Comes out'? You only notice it at night. The moon is always there somewhere in the sky.  We've all seen a half moon during the day.